ADAS system solutions include camera solutions, radar/lidar solutions, and sensor fusion. In the early stage of the market development, radar/lidar solutions were the mainstream of the market due to the mature radar technology and unaffected by weather conditions. However, with the development of ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) and the improvement of image processing algorithms, at the same time, due to the high accuracy of radar technology in identifying metal obstacles, it is powerless and unable to identify non-metallic obstacles such as pedestrians. Vehicles approaching from the side and unable to identify lanes, debris or potholes.
The visual processing technology of the camera can better identify the signs on the road, pedestrians and other information, and can also calculate the trajectory of pedestrians and vehicles through algorithms. Compared with radar technology, the cost is lower, the function is more comprehensive, and the accuracy is higher. The technology based on camera imaging is gradually accepted by mainstream manufacturers. Considering the limitations of the pixels of the camera on image recognition technology and the reduced function in extreme conditions such as foggy and rainy days, sensor fusion based on cameras will become the mainstream.
From bottom to top, the architecture of the Internet of Vehicles is the perception layer, the network layer and the application layer, which are responsible for the functions of information collection, transmission and processing respectively. Video capture and storage (perception layer) as the underlying architecture of the Internet of Vehicles, the main technologies are vehicle DVR and vehicle IP Camera. Car DVR, commonly known as car video recorder, is based on the application of digital video compression storage and 3G wireless transmission technology, built-in GPS, car black box, CANbus bus, G-SENSOR and other technologies.
The car IP Camera is based on digital signal processing technology (DSP) and network technology. The CMOS image sensor converts the light signal of the scene into an electrical signal. After these electrical signals are converted into digital signals, they are transmitted to the DSP memory through the data interface to complete image compression and encoding. At the same time, the data stream is sent to the hard disk or other storage devices for storage. Compared with traditional analog systems and DVRs in distance, scalability and cost.
Vehicle cameras have a wide range of application space, and can be divided into driving assistance (driving recorder, ADAS and active safety system), parking assistance (full vehicle surround view) and in-vehicle personnel monitoring (face recognition technology) according to the application field. The whole process from driving to parking, so there are higher requirements for the working time and temperature of the camera. According to the installation position, it can be divided into four parts: front view, rear view, side view and in-vehicle monitoring.